Question

无论在构建项目时使用的是 Maven、Gradle 还是 Spring Boot CLI，Spring Boot 都为 Spring 应用程序常用的很多库提供了依赖管理支持功能。表 D-1 列出了 Spring Boot 1.3.0 版本支持的所有库依赖。

在很多情况下，这些依赖都会通过某个 Spring Boot 起步依赖自动添加到项目和 Classpath 里（如附录 A 所述）。但是，如果你正在使用的起步依赖没有覆盖到某个库，而你需要使用这个库，那就得在 Maven 或 Gradle 的构建说明里显式地声明这个依赖。

举例来说，如果你的项目需要引入 H2 嵌入式数据库，那么你需要在 Gradle 里加入如下声明：

compile("com.h2database:h2")

在 Maven 里可以添加类似的声明：

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
  <version>h2</version>
</dependency>

请注意，在这两种情况下，都不需要指定版本号，Spring Boot 的依赖管理会替你处理这个问题的。但是，如果想覆盖 Spring Boot 选择的版本，你也可以显式地提供一个版本号。

如果在使用 Spring Boot CLI 运行应用程序，你可以在 Groovy 里像这样使用 @Grab 注解：

@Grab("h2")

在使用 @Grab 注解引入表 D-1 里的库时，你只需要指定 Artifact ID 就可以了。Spring Boot 扩展了 @Grab ，让它可以推测出 Group ID 和版本号。

表 D-1 Spring Boot 1.3.0 所支持的库依赖

Group ID	Artifact ID	版本号
antlr	antlr	2.7.7
ch.qos.logback	logback-access	1.1.3
ch.qos.logback	logback-classic	1.1.3
com.atomikos	transactions-jdbc	3.9.3
com.atomikos	transactions-jms	3.9.3
com.atomikos	transactions-jta	3.9.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.core	jackson-annotations	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.core	jackson-core	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.core	jackson-databind	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.dataformat	jackson-dataformat- csv	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.dataformat	jackson-dataformat- xml	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.dataformat	jackson-dataformat- yaml	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.datatype	jackson-datatype- hibernate4	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.datatype	jackson-datatype- hibernate5	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.datatype	jackson-datatype- jdk7	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.datatype	jackson-datatype- jdk8	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.datatype	jackson-datatype- joda	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.datatype	jackson-datatype- jsr310	2.6.3
com.fasterxml. jackson.module	jackson-module- parameter-names	2.6.3
com.gemstone. gemfire	gemfire	8.1.0
com.github.mxab. thymeleaf.extras	thymeleaf-extras- data-attribute	1.3
com.google. code.gson	gson	2.3.1
com.googlecode. json	simple-json-simple	1.1.1
com.h2database	h2	1.4.190
com.hazelcast	hazelcast	3.5.3
com.hazelcast	hazelcast-spring	3.5.3
com.jayway. jsonpath	json-path	2.0.0
com.jayway. jsonpath	json-path-assert	2.0.0
com.samskivert	jmustache	1.11
com.sendgrid	sendgrid-java	2.2.2
com.sun.mail	javax.mail	1.5.4
com.timgroup	java-statsd-client	3.1.0
com.zaxxer	HikariCP	2.4.2
com.zaxxer	HikariCP-java6	2.3.12
commons	beanutils-commons- beanutils	1.9.2
commons	collections-commons- collections	3.2.1
commons	dbcp-commons-dbcp	1.4
commons	digester-commons- digester	2.1
commons	pool-commons-pool	1.6
de.flapdoodle. embed	de.flapdoodle. embed.mongo	1.50.0
io.dropwizard. metrics	metrics-core	3.1.2
io.dropwizard. metrics	metrics-ganglia	3.1.2
io.dropwizard. metrics	metrics-graphite	3.1.2
io.dropwizard. metrics	metrics-servlets	3.1.2
io.projectreactor	reactor-bus	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor	reactor-core	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor	reactor-groovy	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor	reactor-groovy- extensions	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor	reactor-logback	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor	reactor-net	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor	reactor-stream	2.0.7.RELEASE
io.projectreactor. spring	reactor-spring- context	2.0.6.RELEASE
io.projectreactor. spring	reactor-spring- core	2.0.6.RELEASE
io.projectreactor. spring	reactor-spring- messaging	2.0.6.RELEASE
io.projectreactor. spring	reactor-spring- webmvc	2.0.6.RELEASE
io.undertow	undertow-core	1.3.5.Final
io.undertow	undertow-servlet	1.3.5.Final
io.undertow	undertow-websockets- jsr	1.3.5.Final
javax.cache	cache-api	1.0.0
javax.jms	jms-api	1.1-rev-1
javax.mail	javax.mail-api	1.5.4
javax.servlet	javax.servlet-api	3.1.0
javax.servlet	jstl	1.2
javax.transaction	javax.transaction-api	1.2
jaxen	jaxen	1.1.6
joda	time-joda-time	2.8.2
junit	junit	4.12
log4j	log4j	1.2.17
mysql	mysql-connector-java	5.1.37
net.sf.ehcache	ehcache	2.10.1
net.sourceforge. nekohtml	nekohtml	1.9.22
nz.net.ultraq. thymeleaf	thymeleaf-layout- dialect	1.3.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-amqp	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-blueprint	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-broker	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-camel	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-client	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-console	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-http	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-jaas	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-jdbc- store	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-jms- pool	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-kahadb- store	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-karaf	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-leveldb- store	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-log4j- appender	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-mqtt	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-openwire- generator	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-openwire- legacy	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-osgi	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-partition	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-pool	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-ra	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-run	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-runtime- config	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-shiro	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-spring	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-stomp	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	activemq-web	5.12.1
org.apache.activemq	artemis-jms-client	1.1.0
org.apache.activemq	artemis-jms-server	1.1.0
org.apache.commons	commons-dbcp2	2.1.1
org.apache.commons	commons-pool2	2.4.2
org.apache.derby	derby	10.12.1.1
org.apache. httpcomponents	httpasyncclient	4.1.1
org.apache. httpcomponents	httpclient	4.5.1
org.apache. httpcomponents	httpcore	4.4.4
org.apache. httpcomponents	httpmime	4.5.1
org.apache. logging.log4j	log4j-api	2.4.1
org.apache. logging.log4j	log4j-core	2.4.1
org.apache. logging.log4j	log4j-slf4j-impl	2.4.1
org.apache.solr	solr-solrj	4.10.4
org.apache. tomcat.embed	tomcat-embed-core	8.0.28
org.apache. tomcat.embed	tomcat-embed-el	8.0.28
org.apache. tomcat.embed	tomcat-embed-jasper	8.0.28
org.apache. tomcat.embed	tomcat-embed- logging-juli	8.0.28
org.apache. tomcat.embed	tomcat-embed- websocket	8.0.28
org.apache.tomcat	tomcat-jdbc	8.0.28
org.apache.tomcat	tomcat-jsp-api	8.0.28
org.apache.velocity	velocity	1.7
org.apache.velocity	velocity-tools	2.0
org.aspectj	aspectjrt	1.8.7
org.aspectj	aspectjtools	1.8.7
org.aspectj	aspectjweaver	1.8.7
org.codehaus.btm	btm	2.1.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-all	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-ant	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-bsf	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-console	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-docgenerator	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-groovydoc	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-groovysh	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-jmx	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-json	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-jsr223	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-nio	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-servlet	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-sql	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-swing	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-templates	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-test	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-testng	2.4.4
org.codehaus. groovy	groovy-xml	2.4.4
org.codehaus.janino	janino	2.7.8
org.crashub	crash.cli	1.3.2
org.crashub	crash.connectors.ssh	1.3.2
org.crashub	crash.connectors.telnet	1.3.2
org.crashub	crash.embed.spring	1.3.2
org.crashub	crash.plugins.cron	1.3.2
org.crashub	crash.plugins.mail	1.3.2
org.crashub	crash.shell	1.3.2
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-annotations	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-continuation	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-deploy	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-http	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-io	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-jsp	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-jmx	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-plus	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-security	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-server	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-servlet	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-servlets	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-util	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-webapp	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty	jetty-xml	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty.orbit	javax.servlet.jsp	2.2.0.v201112011158
org.eclipse.jetty. websocket	javax-websocket- server-impl	9.2.14.v20151106
org.eclipse.jetty. websocket	websocket-server	9.2.14.v20151106
org.elasticsearch	elasticsearch	1.5.2
org.firebirdsql.jdbc	jaybird-jdk16	2.2.9
org.firebirdsql.jdbc	jaybird-jdk17	2.2.9
org.firebirdsql.jdbc	jaybird-jdk18	2.2.9
org.flywaydb	flyway-core	3.2.1
org.freemarker	freemarker	2.3.23
org.glassfish	javax.el	3.0.0
org.glassfish. jersey.containers	jersey-container- servlet	2.19
org.glassfish. jersey.containers	jersey-container- servlet-core	2.19
org.glassfish. jersey.core	jersey-server	2.22.1
org.glassfish. jersey.ext	jersey-bean- validation	2.22.1
org.glassfish. jersey.ext	jersey-spring3	2.22.1
org.glassfish. jersey.media	jersey-media- json-jackson	2.22.1
org.hamcrest	hamcrest-core	1.3
org.hamcrest	hamcrest-library	1.3
org.hibernate	hibernate-core	4.3.11.Final
org.hibernate	hibernate-ehcache	4.3.11.Final
org.hibernate	hibernate-entitymanager	4.3.11.Final
org.hibernate	hibernate-envers	4.3.11.Final
org.hibernate	hibernate-jpamodelgen	4.3.11.Final
org.hibernate	hibernate-validator	5.2.2.Final
org.hibernate	hibernate-validator- annotation-processor	5.2.2.Final
org.hornetq	hornetq-jms-client	2.4.7.Final
org.hornetq	hornetq-jms-server	2.4.7.Final
org.hsqldb	hsqldb	2.3.3
org.infinispan	infinispan-jcache	8.0.1.Final
org.infinispan	infinispan-spring4	8.0.1.Final
org.javassist	javassist	3.18.1-GA
org.jdom	jdom2	2.0.6
org.jolokia	jolokia-core	1.3.2
org.json	json	20140107
org.jooq	jooq	3.7.1
org.jooq	jooq-meta	3.7.1
org.jooq	jooq-codegen	3.7.1
org.liquibase	liquibase-core	3.4.1
org.mariadb.jdbc	mariadb-java-client	1.2.3
org.mockito	mockito-core	1.10.19
org.mongodb	mongo-java-driver	2.13.3
org.postgresql	postgresql	9.4-1205-jdbc41
org.skyscreamer	jsonassert	1.2.3
org.slf4j	jcl-over-slf4j	1.7.13
org.slf4j	jul-to-slf4j	1.7.13
org.slf4j	log4j-over-slf4j	1.7.13
org.slf4j	slf4j-api	1.7.13
org.slf4j	slf4j-jdk14	1.7.13
org.slf4j	slf4j-log4j12	1.7.13
org.slf4j	slf4j-simple	1.7.13
org.spockframework	spock-core	1.0-groovy-2.4
org.spockframework	spock-spring	1.0-groovy-2.4
org.springframework	spring-core	4.2.3.RELEASE
org.springframework	spring-framework-bom	4.2.3.RELEASE
org.springframework	springloaded	1.2.4.RELEASE
org.springframework. amqp	spring-amqp	1.5.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. amqp	spring-rabbit	1.5.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. batch	spring-batch-core	3.0.5.RELEASE
org.springframework. batch	spring-batch- infrastructure	3.0.5.RELEASE
org.springframework. batch	spring-batch- integration	3.0.5.RELEASE
org.springframework. batch	spring-batch-test	3.0.5.RELEASE
org.springframework. cloud	spring-cloud- cloudfoundry-connector	1.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework. cloud	spring-cloud-core	1.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework. cloud	spring-cloud- heroku-connector	1.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework. cloud	spring-cloud- localconfig-connector	1.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework. cloud	spring-cloud- spring- service-connector	1.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework.data	spring-data- releasetrain- Gosling-SR1RELEASE
org.springframework. hateoas	spring-hateoas	0.19.0.RELEASE
org.springframework. integration	spring-integration- bom	4.2.1.RELEASE
org.springframework. integration	spring-integration- http	4.2.1.RELEASE
org.springframework. mobile	spring-mobile-device	1.1.5.RELEASE
org.springframework. plugin	spring-plugin-core	1.2.0.RELEASE
org.springframework. retry	spring-retry	1.1.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. security	spring-security- bom	4.0.3.RELEASE
org.springframework. security	spring-security- jwt	1.0.3.RELEASE
org.springframework. security.oauth	spring-security- oauth	2.0.8.RELEASE
org.springframework. security.oauth	spring-security- oauth2	2.0.8.RELEASE
org.springframework. session	spring-session	1.0.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. session	spring-session- data-redis	1.0.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-config	1.1.3.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-core	1.1.3.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-security	1.1.3.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-web	1.1.3.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-facebook	2.0.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-facebook-web	2.0.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-linkedin	1.0.2.RELEASE
org.springframework. social	spring-social-twitter	1.1.2.RELEASE
org.springframework.ws	spring-ws-core	2.2.3.RELEASE
org.springframework.ws	spring-ws-security	2.2.3.RELEASE
org.springframework.ws	spring-ws-support	2.2.3.RELEASE
org.springframework.ws	spring-ws-test	2.2.3.RELEASE
org.thymeleaf	thymeleaf	2.1.4.RELEASE
org.thymeleaf	thymeleaf-spring4	2.1.4.RELEASE
org.thymeleaf. extras	thymeleaf-extras- conditionalcomments	2.1.1.RELEASE
org.thymeleaf. extras	thymeleaf-extras- springsecurity4	2.1.2.RELEASE
org.webjars	hal-browser	9f96c74
org.yaml	snakeyaml	1.16
redis.clients	jedis	2.7.3
wsdl4j	wsdl4j	1.6.3